Vitex negundo – Chinese Chast Tree, Nirgundi, Five-leaved Chaste Tree, Horseshoe Vitex, Lagundi

Description

Vitex negundo, commonly known as the five-leaved chaste tree, is a large, aromatic shrub or small slender tree native to tropical Eastern and Southern Africa and Asia. It is characterized by its thin, grey bark and quadrangular, densely whitish branches. The leaves are palmately compound, meaning they are arranged like the fingers on a hand, with three to five lance-shaped leaflets that are green on top and whitish on the bottom.

This deciduous plant produces small, bluish-purple, fragrant flowers in large, pyramidal clusters (panicles). These are followed by small, round, black drupes (succulent fruits) when ripe. Vitex negundo is often found in moist areas, such as along riverbanks and in wastelands. Its deep and strong roots make it useful for erosion control. It is also used for a variety of other purposes, including as a natural insect repellent and for making baskets.