Description
Tithonia diversifolia, commonly known as the Mexican Sunflower, is a fast-growing perennial shrub in the daisy family (Asteraceae). Native to Mexico and Central America, it thrives in tropical and subtropical climates, often reaching 2 to 3 meters in height. Its large, bright green leaves are deeply lobed and rough in texture, while its striking yellow-orange, daisy-like flowers bloom profusely, attracting bees, butterflies, and other pollinators.
Highly adaptable, Tithonia diversifolia grows well in poor soils, along roadsides, or in gardens, making it a popular choice for erosion control, hedges, and as an ornamental plant. It is also valued as a “green manure” or compost plant because its foliage is rich in nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, which improve soil fertility.
Germination Guide
🌍 Mexico and Central America
Easy
Tithonia diversifolia, commonly known as tree marigold or Mexican sunflower, is a striking flowering plant native to Mexico and Central America. It produces vibrant yellow or orange daisy-like flowers and grows rapidly to 2-3 meters tall. Seeds are relatively easy to germinate and require light and warm temperatures.
Germination
Germination time
Expect germination in
5 – 21 days
Temperature
Min 21°C
Ideal 24°C
Max 29°C
Substrate moisture
💧 Medium
Sowing depth
Lightly covered
Seed Pre-treatment
-
🔥
Smoke/Fire treatment
Humid heat treatment (80-100°C) breaks dormancy and increases germination to ~70%
-
📋
Additional notes
Light increases germination percentage to around 70%. Seeds exhibit dormancy that requires breaking treatment.
Substrate & Container
Recommended substrate
well-draining soil, seed-starting mix, or potting soil mix
Recommended container
pots, trays, propagator
Growing Tips
Seeds require light for germination, so barely cover them with soil. Maintain consistent moisture without waterlogging. Some seeds exhibit dormancy that can be broken by humid heat treatment (80-100°C) before sowing. Germination is most consistent when seeds are harvested at optimum maturity. Substrate selection is important - avoid moisture-logged conditions such as wet jute bags. Well-draining media with good moisture retention works best (55-60% germination). Tithonia diversifolia can grow year-round in warm climates but is dormant in dry seasons.
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