Description
Holoptelea integrifolia, commonly known as the Indian Elm or Jungle Cork Tree, is a large, deciduous tree native to the Indian subcontinent, as well as parts of Southeast Asia. It is a member of the elm family, Ulmaceae, and is well-adapted to hot, dry climates.
The tree is recognizable by its grayish, corky bark that peels off in flakes. Its leaves are simple, alternate, and ovate with a glossy green surface. It produces small, inconspicuous greenish-yellow flowers in clusters, which are followed by distinctive, circular, wafer-thin, and winged fruits called samaras. These fruits flutter down from the tree, and the tree is often covered in them in the spring. The Indian Elm is a fast-growing and resilient species, making it valuable for reforestation and as a shade tree in arid regions.
Germination Guide
🌍 Indian subcontinent, Indo-China, Myanmar, East Borneo
Easy
Holoptelea integrifolia is a large deciduous tree native to tropical regions of Asia, known as Indian elm or jungle cork tree. It is fast-growing, easy to propagate, and valuable for timber, firewood, and traditional medicine.
Germination
Germination time
Expect germination in
10 – 60 days
Temperature
Min 65°C
Ideal 75°C
Max 85°C
Substrate moisture
💧💧 High
Sowing depth
Lightly covered
Seed Pre-treatment
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💧
Soaking — 24 hours
Water immersion separates sterile pyrenes; soaking softens seed coat before planting
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🔨
Hot water scarification
Soak seeds in warm water for 24 hours to soften hard seed coat
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📋
Additional notes
Seeds naturally dispersed; mature seeds immersed in water before sowing to separate sterile pyrenes
Substrate & Container
Recommended substrate
loamy or sandy soil, well-drained potting mix with organic matter
Recommended container
nursery bags, containers with drainage holes
Growing Tips
Fast-growing tree requiring full sunlight. Moist but not waterlogged soil essential. Can be planted in nursery bags or directly at permanent location. Support with bamboo sticks aids early growth. Becomes drought-tolerant once established. Germinates readily with simple water soaking pretreatment.
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